Water Purification & Filtration Dictionary
Enter a word below: Search also in: IT Dico. | Accounting Dico. | Medical Dico. | Plants Dico. | Business Dico. | Engineering Dico. | Water Purification & Filtration Dico. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
An alphabetical listing of General terms and items. |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
A very tiny, separate subdivision matter.
Filtration of particles in the size range of 2 microns or larger in diameter. Particle filtration is typically handled by cartridge filters and media filters.
As used in water industry standards, this term refers to the size expressed in microns, of a particle suspended in water as determined by the smallest dimension.
A measure proportion by weight which is equivalent to one unit weight of solute (dissolved substance) per billion unit weights of the solution.
A measure of proportion by weight which is equivalent to one unit of weight of solute (dissolved substance) per million weights of solution. Since one liter of water weighs one million milligrams, one ppm is equal to one milligram per liter (mg/L). PPM is the preferred unit of measure in water or wastewater analysis.
Capable of causing disease.
Any disease producing organism.
The percentage of the feed water which becomes product water. Determined by the number of gallons (or liters) of product water divided by the total gallons (or liters) of feed water and multiplied by100. The percent recovery is called recovery rate in reverse osmosis and ultra filtration.
(reverse osmosis/ultra filtration) The percentage of TDS in the feed water that is prevented from passing the membrane with the permeate. The formula used is: the difference obtained from the TDS in permeate divided by TDS in feed water; then multiply the answer obtained by 100 to obtain a percentage.
That portion of the feed water which passes through the membrane to become product water.
A measure of the degree of the acidity or the alkalinity of a solution as measured on a scale ("pH scale") of 0 to 14. The midpoint of 7.0 on pH scale represents neutrality, that is, a neutral solution is neither acid nor alkaline. Numbers below 7.0 indicate acidity; numbers above 7.0 indicate alkalinity. It is important to understand that pH is a measure of intensity, not capacity. That is, pH indicates the intensity of alkalinity in the same way temperature tells how hot something is but not how much heat the substance carries.
A salt of phosphoric acid. In the water treatment industry, poly phosphates are used a sequestering agents to control iron and hardness, and as a coating agent to control corrosion by formation of a thin passivating film on metal surfaces.
Point of entry.
Full service water treatment at the inlet to an entire building or facility (outside faucets may be excepted from treatment).
Water treatment at a single outlet or limited number of water outlets in a building, but for less than the whole building or facility. POU treatment is often used to treat water for drinking and cooking only.
A filter installed for use after the primary water treatment stage to remove any trace of undesirable matter or to polish the water.
A contaminant existing at a concentration high enough to endangered the environment or the public health or to be otherwise objectionable.
A form of phosphate polymer consisting of a series of condensed phosphoric acids containing more than one atom of phosphorous. Polyphosphate is used as a sequestering agent to control iron and hardness, and as a coating agent that forms a thin passivating film on metal surfaces to control scale.
A measure of the volume of pores in a material. Porosity is calculated as a ration of the interstices of material (e.g. the volume of spaces between the media particles in a filter bed) to the volume of its mass, and is expressed as a percentage.
Full of pores through which water, light etc may pass.
Back to top
A water supply which meets U.S. EPA and/or state water quality standards and is considered safe and fit for human consumption.
A colorless potassium salt which can be used as a regenerant in cation exchange water softeners.
Point of use.
unit of measure for expressing pressure.
Parts per billion.
Parts per trillion.
The difference in the pressure between two points is a water system. The difference may be due to the difference in elevation and/or to pressure drop resulting from water flow.
A decrease in the water pressure (in psi) which occurs as the water flows. The difference between the inlet and outlet water pressure during water flow through a water treatment device.
Any water treatment step performed prior to the primary treatment process, such as filtration prior to deionization.
Water used in a manufacturing or treatment process or in the actual product manufacture.
Water that has been through the total treatment process and meets the quality standards required for the use to which the water will be used.
The amount (gallons or liters) of product water the system produces per minute or (especially for reverse osmosis) per 24 hour period.
an original water treatment equipment unit on which a specific equipment line is modeled.
Microscopic, usually single celled microorganisms which live in water and are relatively larger in comparison to other microbes. Protozoa are higher on the food chain than the bacteria that they eat. Many protozoa are parasitic.
Pounds per square inch.
This term has no real meaning unless the word "pure" is defined by some standard such as pharmaceutical grade water.
A USP grade water produced from water meeting U.S. EPA standards for potable drinking water which has microbiological content under control and is free from foreign substances.
The decomposition (rotting) of organic matter caused by microbes and oxidation.
Substances (often of unknown origin) that produce fever when introduced into the human body. Being chemically and physically stable, pyrogens are not necessarily destroyed by conditions that kill bacteria
Back to top |
