Business Dictionary
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An alphabetical listing of General terms and items. |
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Money available to invest or the total of accumulated assets available for production.
The sum of a company's capital at a particular time
The tax advantage that a company is granted for money that it spends on fixed assets.
The increase in a company's or individual's wealth.
An asset that is difficult to sell quickly. for example, real estate.
A budget for the use of a company's money.
Regulations placed by a government on the amount of capital residents may hold.
Equipment that you use to manufacture a product, provide a service or use to sell, store and deliver merchandise. Such equipment will not be sold in the normal course of business, but will be used and worn out or consumed in the course of business.
The financial gain made upon the disposal of an asset. The gain is the difference between the cost of its acquisition and net proceeds upon its sale.
Stocks of physical or financial assets that are capable of generating income.
The amount of capital that flows into an economy from services rendered abroad.
An economic and social system in which individuals can maximize profits because they own the means of production.
An investor of capital in a business.
The amount of money invested in a company or the worth of the bonds and stocks of a company.
Carbon dioxide is a molecule consisting of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms. This molecule is a common by-product of animal and plant respiratory functions and is found naturally in the Earth's atmosphere as a gas. Carbon Dioxide is also required by plants for photosynthesis in which the molecule is used in combination with water to create cellulose and sugars.
Money in hand or readily available.
An accounting method that enters income and expenses into the books at the time when payment is received or expenses incurred.
A deduction that is given for prompt payment of a bill.
The actual movement of cash within a business; the analysis of how much cash is needed and when that money is required by a busi ness within a period of time.
The money received by a business from customers.
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The gathering together, at a corporate headquarters, of specialist functions such as finance, personnel and information technology. Centralization is usually undertaken in order to effect economies of scale and to standardize operating procedures throughout the organization. Centralized management can become cumbersome and inefficient and may produce communication problems. Some organizations have shifted toward decentralization to try to avoid this.
A document representing partial ownership of a company that states the number of shares that the document is worth and the names of the company and the owner of the shares.
An accountant to whom a state has given a certificate showing that he has met prescribed requirements designed to insure competence on the part of the public practitioner in accounting and that he is permitted to use the designation Certified Public Accountant, commonly abbreviated as CPA.
An organization of business people designed to advance the interests of its members. There are three levels
The person with overall responsibility for ensuring that the daily operations of an organization run efficiently and for carrying out strategic plans. The chief executive of an organization normally sits on the board of directors. In a limited company, the chief executive is usually known as a managing director.
The highest ranking executive officer within a company or corporation, who has responsibility for over-all management of its day-to-day affairs under the supervision of the board of directors. Abbr. CEO
The officer of the organization responsible for handling finds, signing checks, the keeping of financial records, and financial planning of the company.
A decision to purchase that is based on an evaluation of alternatives.
A business strategy that involves combining the traditional retail outlets with online commerce.
A public corporation in which all of the voting stock is held by a few shareholders, for example, management or family members. Although it is a public company, shares would not normally be available for trading because of a lack of liquidity.
A loan, plus any interest and finance charges, that is to be repaid in full by a specified future date. Loans that have real estate or motor vehicles as collateral are usually closed-end.
Joint signers of a loan agreement who pledge to meet the obligations of a business in case of default.
Property or goods used as security against a loan and forfeited to the lender if the borrower defaults.
Uncollateralized loans obtained by companies, usually on a short-term basis.
A percentage of the principal or of the income that an agent receives as compensation for services.
An agreement regarding mutual responsibilities between two or more parties.
Those expenses that can be controlled or restrained by the business person.
Goods often used by the consumer, but the consumer is unwilling to spend "shopping time" to acquire them. This covers a broad spectrum of products including candy, cigarettes, drugs, newspapers, magazines and most grocery products.
A "corporate image" ad is designed to primarily promote the enterprise and secondarily promote the products or services of the enterprise.
A voluntary organization of persons, either actual indi viduals or legal entities, legally bound together to form a business enter prise; an artificial legal entity created by government grant and treated by law as an individual entity.
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The direct costs involved in producing a product or service which usually includes labor and materials.
The direct cost to the business owner of those items which will be sold to customers.
The cost of goods plus the expenses involved in selling and delivering the product or service.
Another word for debt. Credit is given to customers when they are allowed to make a purchase with the promise to pay later. A bank gives credit when it lends money.
Credit Analyst: A financial professional who has expertise in evaluating the creditworthiness of individuals and businesses. Credit analysts determine the likelihood of a borrower being able to meet financial obligations and pay back a loan, often by reviewing the borrower's financial history and determining whether market conditions will be conducive to repayment.
The maximum amount of credit or money a financial insti tution or trade firm will extend to a customer.
Currency Futures: A transferable futures contract that specifies the price at which a specified currency can be bought or sold at a future date.
Valuable resources or property owned by a company that will be turned into cash within one year or used up in the operations of the company within one year. Generally includes cash, accounts receivable, inventory and prepaid expenses.
Amounts owned that will ordinarily be paid by a company within one year. Generally includes accounts payable, current portion of long-term debt, interest and dividends payable.
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